(Water Pollution and Human Health in China
1. Introduction
2. Water Resources and Human Health
3. Rapid Industrialization
4. Urbanization
5. Intensification and Modernization of Agriculture
6. Interactions and Compounding Effects
7. Conclusions
8. Bibliography
1. Introduction
In the last 40 years China has transformed itself from a rural economy to an
industrial giant with a significant presence in the world economy. This rapid
transformation has fueled economic growth that easily outpaces that of most
developing countries. China"s GDP growth averaged 9.3 percent per annum between
1980 and 1995. Unfortunately, China"s rapid economic development has exerted a
significant toll on its natural resource base, particularly water resources.
Inadequate investments in basic water su免费论文网 【http://www.51lunwen.net】pply and treatment infrastructure have
resulted in widespread water pollution. In China today approximately 700
million people--over half the population--consume drinking water contaminated
with levels of animal and human waste that do not meet minimum drinking water
quality standards. More than half of Chinese cities are experiencing severe
water supply shortages. Official government statistics also record a steady
increase in the total volume of wastewater produced. Growing from 29 billion
tons in 1981 to 37 billion tons in 1995. By the year 2000, the volume of
wastewater produced could double from 1990 levels to almost 78 billion tons.
The full health impact of this industrialization and modernization process, and
the associated water pollution, however, has yet to manifest&n
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