法律硕士(JM)
国际经济法国际经济法
    独立担保是适应当代国际经济贸易发展的需要，在商业和银行业实践中发展起来的一种新型的信用担保方式。独立担保具有独立性、不可撤销性、无条件性和单据化等特点。相对于传统的从属性担保，它具有更强的债权保障功能，因此在国际经济贸易中得到了广泛应用，并已经成为国际经济贸易活动中主要的信用担保方式。目前包括我国在内的世界上绝大多数国家对这种新型的担保方式还没有做出明文规定，各国的判例和学理对此也有不同的见解，有关独立担保的法律法规、国际惯例和国际公约也都不是非常完备和成熟，因此，系统地研究这一问题既具有理论意义也具有实践意义。
    本文共分为四个部分：
    第一部分是独立担保的基础法律问题研究，主要介绍了独立担保的起源、概念、法律性质及形式。通过分析可以看出独立担保与传统的从属性担保相比具有独立性、不可撤销性等显著的优势，更能适应国际贸易发展的趋势。
    第二部分专门探讨了独立担保的一种形式——见索即付保函的相关法律问题，即见索即付保函的法律实质、保函当事人之间的法律关系及风险防范研究。通过对见索即付保函的研究，进一步深化对独立担保制度的理解。
    第三部分分析了独立担保制度本身的缺陷，探讨了独立担保欺诈例外法律问题，以期弥补这一制度的缺失。
    第四部分首先介绍了我国有关独立担保的立法和实践现状，进而指出目前存在的问题，然后结合各个国家的法律实践和有关的国际惯例和公约提出完善我国独立担保制度的初步建议。
     [英文摘要]：     The independent guarantee has been widely used in the fields of international fiancé and trade, developing in business and practice. It is different from collateral guarantee as a new style of human guarantee. The independent guarantee has some particular advantages in protection of creditor’s rights and thus been stayed dominant place in guarantee of international fiancé and trade.
    At present, however, most countries in the world have not proclaimed in writing and there are diversified understandings in legal precedent and theory to independent guarantee. The provisions regarding it are still far away from perfection and maturity. So it is meaningful to study this problem systematically.
    This essay includes four parts:
    In chapter one, the author illustrates some of the fundamental issues of independent guarantee, such as its origin, concept, forms, and characteristics.
    Chapter two puts its emphasis on Demand Guarantee which is one main form of independent guarantee. In this part, the paper illustrates the main problems about Demand guarantee and we could learn more about independent Guarantee through these.
    Chapter three analyses how to make up for the inherent shortcomings of independent guarantee. It is an effective measure that grants a defense of “fraud exception” to against fraudulent claims.
    In conclusion, chapter four provides several pieces of advice for improving the legal system of independent guarantee after analyzing some of the problems in both theory and practice in our country.