民族学
闽台文化闽台文化
    烟草传入永定三百年，在永定传承发展，使永定成为福建乃至中国烟草的一面旗帜。本文试图勾勒出这三百年来烟草在永定内部流动的历史文化图景，探讨永定烟草文化和烟草所衍生涵化的其它文化（第一章）。文章首先介绍介绍了永定烟草传入、发展、鼎盛、衰落的历史过程（第二章），用历史人类学的方法把永定烟草的历史发展分解为细微文化事项，阐述了永定烟草历史发展的动因及现象。通过田野调查和文献的梳理，文章寻找出逝去的永定烟作文化（第三章）。在永定烟草历史发展的时间坐标参照下，文章把重点聚焦在永定烟草文化的主要人群──永定烟商，他们的在传统的文化规范下的组织模式及其行为特点（第四章）；他们和永定另一重要人文景观土楼的内在联系（第五章）；他们和外界交流产生的人员流动移民迁徙的现象（第六章）；他们对于永定社会文化民俗及教育的影响（第七章）。在永定烟草历史和永定烟草文化相互的参照下，笔者得出了本文的结论：永定独特的地理位置和历史的机遇产生了永定烟商，他们出现在历史的舞台上，导致了永定社会结构的变迁，产生了与之相适应的永定社会文化。 [英文摘要]：     Since its introduction into Yongding three hundred years ago, tobacco has been planted and cultivated as a major economic crop in the local area, making Yongding a flagship leading the tobacco industry in Fujian province and even that of the entire country. The paper is an attempt to explore the tobacco cultivation culture and other derivative cultural phenomena intrinsically associated with tobacco in Yongding. The paper begins with an historic review of the introduction, development,, flourish and decline of tobacco plantation and cultivation in Yongding. Adopting a historic and Anthropological perspective, Chapter two elucidates the essential driving causes and specific cultural events testifying to Yongding’s booming tobacco industry by deconstructing the entire tobacco cultivation history into minor cultural episodes. Based on vigorous field work and conscientious library work in search of relevant research findings and literatures, chapter three attempts to explore and restore the full glory of the long past tobacco cultivation culture in Yongding. Within the framework of a chronical survey of the tobacco planting history in Yongding, Chapter Four focuses on a special group of historical figures--- tobacco barons in Yongding, including a study of their organization forms and their characteristic behaviors under the influence of traditional social and cultural norms. Chapter five investigates the internal relationship between tobacco barons and the earth buildings in the local area, which is another important historic legacy in Yongding. Chapter six analyzes the trend of population migration as a result of increased exchanges with the outside boosted by tobacco business. Chapter seven reveals the far-reaching influence of tobacco industry on the all-around progress of folk culture and educational development in Yongding. Based on this strong resonance and deeply-entrenched interplay between tobacco cultivation culture and the local history of Yongding, the author comes to the conclusion that the unique geographic location and chance events in history jointly set a stage for tobacco barons in Yongding, who brought about fundamental changes and revolutions to the local social structure, and consequently played a significant role in shaping unique cultural features and social norms of Yongding.